![]() In the Roman era, lubricants were based on olive oil and rapeseed oil, as well as animal fats. Building stones were slid on oil-impregnated lumber in the time of the pyramids. ![]() Calcium soaps have been identified on the axles of chariots dated to 1400 BC. Lubricants have been in some use for thousands of years. It is mainly used to reduce friction and to contribute to a better, more efficient functioning of a mechanism. Other uses include cooking ( oils and fats in use in frying pans and baking to prevent food sticking), to reduce rusting and friction in machinery, bioapplications on humans (e.g., lubricants for artificial joints), ultrasound examination, medical examination, and sexual intercourse. In addition to industrial applications, lubricants are used for many other purposes. The property of reducing friction is known as lubricity. It may also have the function of transmitting forces, transporting foreign particles, or heating or cooling the surfaces.
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